At
about 2:30 pm on January 19th, 1787, Charles Robin of The
Charles Robin & Co. of Paspébiac decides to
camp for the night in Causapscal because of the cold temperature.
Headed for Québec City he is accompanied by five men.
The Battle of Restigouche in 1760 puts an
end to France's possession of Canada. The people of the British
island of Jersey are good navigators and excellent bilingual
merchants. Their ability to speak French was owed to Jersey
having belonged to the Duke of Normandy at the time of William
The Conqueror's defeat of England in 1066. The Jerseyites
were attracted by Canada's abundance of Cod fishing. Beginning
in 1766 Charles Robin is present in Acadia where he is proprietor
of a franchise of the Robin, Pipon & Co. In 1778, Two
years after the American Declaration of Independence Charles
Robin's trading posts at Artichat in Cape Breton and at Paspébiac
in La Baie-des-Chaleurs are pillaged and burnt by American
pirates. Unable to secure protection from the Royal Navy,
he leaves Canada for five years.
In 1783 Charles Robin founds his own company,
The Charles Robin & Co.(CRC). Upon returning
to the Gaspé Coast he establishes himself in Paspébiac
where he begins to build a trading post by the water, where
some buildings still exist. Charles Robin's fishing plans
brought about his meeting with Lord Dorchester, Governor General
of Canada. Because Robin was busy with navigation and fishing
during the summer, he would have to make the trip to Québec
City in the winter. Travelling from la Baie-des-Chaleurs to
Québec City during the winter being virtually impossible,
Robin was obliged to walk from Paspébiac to Trois-Pistoles,
where they would be able to continue on by horse.
Through his personal journal it was possible
for Mr. Arthur Legroes of the Robin Co. to describe Charles
Robin's trip from Paspébiac to Québec City.
Mr. Legroes's article appeared in dans la Revue d'histoire
de la Gaspésie. "At 6 am on Monday Juanuary
8th, 1787 he left his house in Paspébiac with James
Huard and his sons. At 7 they ate breakfast in New Carlisle,
arriving in Bonaventure at 10. At noon they arrived at Jean
Arsenau's house where they had lunch. On January 9th they
crossed the Caplan river. On January 10th the weather was
good and they were able to travel without snowshoes. At one
o'clock they arrived at Tracadiguèche (later
named Tracadièche, today called Carleton). At three
o'clock they arrive at Urbain Jean's house where they make
an agreement with two men who will join them on their trip
to Québec City. On Saturday the 13th provisions are
prepared and attached to the sleds. A man named Ambroise would
lead the expedition. The details of January 14th and 15th
are lost, those pages of Charles Robin's journal having been
torn out. On the 16th they traveled towards the Matapedia
river, where they have difficulty crossing, the ice breaking
under their feet frequently, leaving them soaking wet. On
the 18th there is a foot of snow on the river, making the
walking difficult and dangerous. On that day the group where
barely able to advance five kilometers, and the night was
very cold.
Fiday January 19th, the group stopped for
the night. They camped at the intersection of the Matapedia
and another river of the same size: the Causapscal river.
The cold became unbearable and they were obliged to camp for
the night. The next day at 10:30 am we arrived at the first
lake, le petit lac Matapédia (today called Lac-au-Saumon).
This lake is about one and a half kilometers long and half
a kilometer wide. On Monday January 22nd the group arrived
at the connecting waters between lake Matapedia and the St.
Lawrence river. The river could be seen the next day from
the mountain tops. The 25th and 26th were spent at Rimouski
where they meet Germain Lepage and on the 29th they reached
Trois-Pistoles where they continued on by horse carriage.
The 31st they had lunch at Rivière-du-Loup, where they
discussed Camarasca, Islette, St-Ann et St-Roc...
The voyage is finally over on February 2nd.
Twenty-seven days through snow, seventeen of them having been
spent travelling between Nouvelle and Trois-Pistoles! They
had good reason to make this trip, the days that followed
were spent in numerous meetings and on February 26th at 8
am they left Québec City. They reached Trois-Pistoles
on March 3rd, lake Matapedia on the 10th, Restigouche on 16th
and Nouvelle on the 17th.
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